Synthesis of Ethanol (Hydration of Ethylene)

C2H4 + H2O → C2H5OH

개요

Ethylene reacts with steam over a phosphoric acid catalyst at 300 C and 60-70 atm to produce ethanol. This is the primary industrial method for synthetic ethanol production. The reaction follows Markovnikov's rule.

참여 물질

역할 물질 계수 상태
반응물 Ethylene C₂H₄ 1 (g)
반응물 Water H₂O 1 (g)
생성물 Ethanol C₂H₅OH 1 (l)

일상 속 예시

Industrial ethanol used in hand sanitizers, solvents, and chemical manufacturing is often produced by this process.

산업적 중요성

이것은 가장 대량의 공업 유기 반응 중 하나로, 용제, 화학 합성, 연료 혼합용 수백만 톤의 에탄올을 생산합니다.

성질

유형
Synthesis
가역 반응
예
에너지
발열
ΔH
-44.2 kJ/mol
촉매
Phosphoric acid (H₃PO₄) on silica

관련 반응

Formation of Calcium Hydroxide Formation of Carbon Monoxide Formation of Nitrogen Dioxide Formation of Potassium Chloride Formation of Sodium Bicarbonate Formation of Sodium Peroxide Formation of Silicon Dioxide Formation of Tungsten Carbide Formation of Copper(II) Sulfide Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis (General)

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the equation for Synthesis of Ethanol (Hydration of Ethylene)?
The balanced equation is: C₂H₄ + H₂O → C₂H₅OH.
What type of reaction is Synthesis of Ethanol (Hydration of Ethylene)?
Synthesis of Ethanol (Hydration of Ethylene) is a synthesis reaction. It is reversible under certain conditions.
Is Synthesis of Ethanol (Hydration of Ethylene) exothermic or endothermic?
Synthesis of Ethanol (Hydration of Ethylene) is exothermic (releases energy). The enthalpy change (ΔH) is -44.2 kJ/mol.
What conditions are needed for Synthesis of Ethanol (Hydration of Ethylene)?
This reaction requires a catalyst (Phosphoric acid (H₃PO₄) on silica).