금속의 비열 용량

알루미늄, 구리, 철의 열용량 비교하기

Thermochemistry Intermediate (High School) 40 분 ~$10.00

목표

혼합법으로 여러 금속의 비열 용량을 결정하고 인정된 값과 비교한다.

배경

The specific heat capacity of a metal can be determined by heating a known mass of metal to a known temperature, then transferring it to water in a calorimeter and measuring the temperature change. Energy conservation (q_metal = -q_water) allows calculation of the metal's specific heat.

안전 경고

  • Hot metals and boiling water — burn risk
  • Use tongs to transfer hot metals
  • Do not touch hot metals with bare hands

필수 개인 보호 장비

goggles lab_coat

재료

  • Metal samples (Al, Cu, Fe) (50 g each)
    Cylindrical pieces work best
  • Distilled water (300 mL)
  • Boiling water (500 mL)
    For heating metals

장비

Polystyrene cup calorimeter Beaker (600 mL) Hot plate Thermometer (2) Analytical balance Tongs String

실험 절차

1

Weigh each metal sample accurately. Record masses.

3 분
2

Place all metals in boiling water for 10 minutes to reach 100°C.

12 분 Handle hot water carefully
3

Add 100 mL room-temperature water to the calorimeter. Record initial temperature.

2 분
4

Using tongs, quickly transfer the aluminum sample to the calorimeter. Stir and record max temperature.

5 분 Hot metal — use tongs
5

Calculate c(Al) = m(water)×c(water)×ΔT(water) / [m(Al)×ΔT(Al)].

5 분
6

Repeat steps 3-5 for copper and iron.

15 분
7

Compare measured values with accepted: Al=0.897, Cu=0.385, Fe=0.449 J/g°C.

5 분

예상 결과

Aluminum should give the largest temperature rise in the water (highest specific heat), followed by iron, then copper. Measured values should be within 10-20% of accepted values.

정리

Allow metals to cool completely. Dry and store. Pour water down the drain. Clean calorimeter.

세부 정보

카테고리
Thermochemistry
난이도
Intermediate (High School)
소요 시간
40 분
예상 비용
$10.00
단계
7
재료
3

더 많은 실험

아세트산나트륨의 발열 결정화 30 min 마그네슘의 연소열 50 min 커피컵 열량 측정 40 min 헤스의 법칙 검증 60 min 얼음의 융해 엔탈피 25 min 용해는 항상 발열이 아니다 25 min 냉찜질 팩의 화학 원리 20 min 폭탄 열량계 시뮬레이션 45 min 흡열 반응 실험 20 min

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the objective of 금속의 비열 용량?
혼합법으로 여러 금속의 비열 용량을 결정하고 인정된 값과 비교한다.
How difficult is 금속의 비열 용량?
This experiment is rated as Intermediate (High School). It takes approximately 40 minutes to complete.
What safety precautions are needed for 금속의 비열 용량?
Key safety precautions include: Hot metals and boiling water — burn risk; Use tongs to transfer hot metals; Do not touch hot metals with bare hands.
What materials are needed for 금속의 비열 용량?
The main materials required are: Metal samples (Al, Cu, Fe), Distilled water, Boiling water.
What results should I expect from 금속의 비열 용량?
Aluminum should give the largest temperature rise in the water (highest specific heat), followed by iron, then copper. Measured values should be within 10-20% of accepted values.