Aqua Regia Dissolving Gold

Au + 3HCl + HNO3 → HAuCl4 + NO + 2H2O

개요

Aqua regia (3:1 mixture of HCl and HNO₃) dissolves gold, which is inert to either acid alone. Nitric acid oxidizes gold to Au³⁺ while hydrochloric acid provides chloride ions that stabilize the gold as [AuCl₄]⁻ complex. The synergy between the two acids makes aqua regia effective against noble metals.

참여 물질

역할 물질 계수 상태
반응물 Gold Au 1 (s)
반응물 Nitric Acid HNO₃ 1 (aq)
반응물 Hydrochloric Acid HCl 3 (aq)
생성물 Water H₂O 2 (l)

일상 속 예시

During WWII, George de Hevesy dissolved the Nobel Prize gold medals of Max von Laue and James Franck in aqua regia to hide them from the Nazis.

산업적 중요성

왕수는 금 정련, 귀금속 용해를 위한 분석화학, 그리고 전자 폐기물에서 귀금속을 회수하는 데 사용됩니다.

성질

유형
Redox
가역 반응
아니오
에너지
발열
ΔH
-150.0 kJ/mol

관련 반응

Iron(II) to Iron(III) Oxidation by Oxygen Bleaching with Sodium Hypochlorite Copper Reduction of Silver Ion Cerium(IV) Reduction by Iron(II) Chlorine Oxidation of Bromide Copper Oxidation by Nitric Acid Hypochlorite Oxidation of Hydrogen Peroxide Hydrogen Peroxide as Oxidizing Agent (Acidic) Zinc Reduction of Silver Ion Displacement of Hydrogen from Acid by Magnesium

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the equation for Aqua Regia Dissolving Gold?
The balanced equation is: Au + 3HCl + HNO₃ → HAuCl₄ + NO + 2H₂O.
What type of reaction is Aqua Regia Dissolving Gold?
Aqua Regia Dissolving Gold is a redox reaction.
Is Aqua Regia Dissolving Gold exothermic or endothermic?
Aqua Regia Dissolving Gold is exothermic (releases energy). The enthalpy change (ΔH) is -150.0 kJ/mol.