비누화 (지방 + NaOH)
fat + 3NaOH → glycerol + 3 sodium carboxylate (soap)
개요
Saponification is the base-catalyzed hydrolysis of triglyceride fats or oils by sodium hydroxide to produce glycerol and sodium salts of fatty acids (soap). Unlike acid-catalyzed ester hydrolysis, saponification is irreversible because the carboxylate salt is deprotonated. The reaction requires heating and stirring.
참여 물질
일상 속 예시
Handmade soap is produced by heating vegetable oils or animal fats with lye (NaOH) in this ancient saponification reaction.
산업적 중요성
세계 비누 산업은 연간 2,500만 톤 이상을 생산합니다. 부산물인 글리세롤은 의약품, 화장품, 식품 가공에 사용됩니다.
성질
- 유형
- 유기
- 가역 반응
- 아니오
- 에너지
- 발열
- ΔH
- -25.0 kJ/mol
자주 묻는 질문
What is the equation for 비누화 (지방 + NaOH)?
The balanced equation is: fat + 3NaOH → glycerol + 3 sodium carboxylate (soap).
What type of reaction is 비누화 (지방 + NaOH)?
비누화 (지방 + NaOH) is a 유기 reaction.
Is 비누화 (지방 + NaOH) exothermic or endothermic?
비누화 (지방 + NaOH) is exothermic (releases energy). The enthalpy change (ΔH) is -25.0 kJ/mol.