Dehydration of Ethanol

C2H5OH → C2H4 + H2O

개요

Ethanol is dehydrated to ethylene by concentrated sulfuric acid at 170 C or by passing over heated alumina. This elimination reaction removes water from adjacent carbon atoms to form the C=C double bond. At lower temperatures (140 C), diethyl ether forms instead via intermolecular dehydration.

참여 물질

역할 물질 계수 상태
반응물 Ethanol C₂H₅OH 1 (l)
생성물 Ethylene C₂H₄ 1 (g)
생성물 Water H₂O 1 (l)

일상 속 예시

Brazil produces bio-ethylene from sugarcane ethanol using this dehydration, making green polyethylene for sustainable packaging.

산업적 중요성

에탄올에서 에틸렌을 생산하는 데 사용되며, 석유화학 산업의 대안적 원료 경로로 활용됩니다. 바이오 에탄올 기반 플라스틱 및 화학제품 생산의 핵심 공정입니다.

성질

유형
Organic
가역 반응
예
에너지
흡열
ΔH
44.0 kJ/mol
촉매
Concentrated H₂SO₄ or Al₂O₃

관련 반응

Swern Oxidation Oxidation of Secondary Alcohol to Ketone E2 Elimination (Dehydrohalogenation) Claisen Condensation (Ethyl Acetate) Aldol Condensation of Acetaldehyde Kolbe Electrolysis Baeyer-Villiger Oxidation Beckmann Rearrangement (Cyclohexanone Oxime) Catalytic Hydrogenation of Ethylene Epoxidation of Alkenes (mCPBA)

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the equation for Dehydration of Ethanol?
The balanced equation is: C₂H₅OH → C₂H₄ + H₂O.
What type of reaction is Dehydration of Ethanol?
Dehydration of Ethanol is a organic reaction. It is reversible under certain conditions.
Is Dehydration of Ethanol exothermic or endothermic?
Dehydration of Ethanol is endothermic (absorbs energy). The enthalpy change (ΔH) is 44.0 kJ/mol.
What conditions are needed for Dehydration of Ethanol?
This reaction requires a catalyst (Concentrated H₂SO₄ or Al₂O₃).