Halogenation of Methane (Chlorination)

CH4 + Cl2 → CH3Cl + HCl

개요

Methane undergoes free radical substitution with chlorine in the presence of UV light or heat. The mechanism involves initiation (Cl₂ → 2Cl·), propagation (Cl· + CH₄ → CH₃· + HCl, CH₃· + Cl₂ → CH₃Cl + Cl·), and termination. Further substitution can produce CH₂Cl₂, CHCl₃, and CCl₄.

참여 물질

역할 물질 계수 상태
반응물 Methane CH₄ 1 (g)
반응물 Chlorine Cl 1 (g)
생성물 Hydrochloric Acid HCl 1 (g)

일상 속 예시

Chloroform (CHCl₃), historically used as an anesthetic, is produced by multiple chlorination of methane.

산업적 중요성

염화메틸(냉매, 발포제), 염화메틸렌(용매), 클로로폼(의약품 전구체), 사염화탄소(소화제) 등 다양한 할로탄화수소 제조의 기반 반응입니다.

성질

유형
Organic
가역 반응
아니오
에너지
발열
ΔH
-98.0 kJ/mol
촉매
UV light or heat

관련 반응

Epoxidation of Alkenes (mCPBA) Swern Oxidation Oxidation of Secondary Alcohol to Ketone E2 Elimination (Dehydrohalogenation) Claisen Condensation (Ethyl Acetate) Aldol Condensation of Acetaldehyde Kolbe Electrolysis Baeyer-Villiger Oxidation Beckmann Rearrangement (Cyclohexanone Oxime) Dehydration of Ethanol

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the equation for Halogenation of Methane (Chlorination)?
The balanced equation is: CH₄ + Cl₂ → CH₃Cl + HCl.
What type of reaction is Halogenation of Methane (Chlorination)?
Halogenation of Methane (Chlorination) is a organic reaction.
Is Halogenation of Methane (Chlorination) exothermic or endothermic?
Halogenation of Methane (Chlorination) is exothermic (releases energy). The enthalpy change (ΔH) is -98.0 kJ/mol.
What conditions are needed for Halogenation of Methane (Chlorination)?
This reaction requires a catalyst (UV light or heat).