Polymerization of Ethylene to Polyethylene

nC2H4 → (–CH2–CH2–)n

개요

Ethylene molecules undergo addition polymerization to form polyethylene, the world's most produced plastic. The C=C double bond opens and links to adjacent monomers. Ziegler-Natta catalysts produce linear HDPE, while radical initiation produces branched LDPE. Over 100 million tonnes are produced annually.

참여 물질

역할 물질 계수 상태
반응물 Ethylene C₂H₄ 1 (g)

일상 속 예시

Plastic bags, bottles, food containers, and plastic wrap are all made from polyethylene produced by this polymerization reaction.

산업적 중요성

폴리에틸렌은 세계에서 가장 많이 생산되는 플라스틱으로 연간 1억 톤 이상이며, 포장, 건설, 자동차, 의료 용도에 사용됩니다.

성질

유형
Organic
가역 반응
아니오
에너지
발열
ΔH
-93.0 kJ/mol
촉매
Ziegler-Natta or metallocene catalysts

관련 반응

Epoxidation of Alkenes (mCPBA) Swern Oxidation Oxidation of Secondary Alcohol to Ketone E2 Elimination (Dehydrohalogenation) Claisen Condensation (Ethyl Acetate) Aldol Condensation of Acetaldehyde Kolbe Electrolysis Baeyer-Villiger Oxidation Beckmann Rearrangement (Cyclohexanone Oxime) Dehydration of Ethanol

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the equation for Polymerization of Ethylene to Polyethylene?
The balanced equation is: nC₂H₄ → (–CH₂–CH₂–)ₙ.
What type of reaction is Polymerization of Ethylene to Polyethylene?
Polymerization of Ethylene to Polyethylene is a organic reaction.
Is Polymerization of Ethylene to Polyethylene exothermic or endothermic?
Polymerization of Ethylene to Polyethylene is exothermic (releases energy). The enthalpy change (ΔH) is -93.0 kJ/mol.
What conditions are needed for Polymerization of Ethylene to Polyethylene?
This reaction requires a catalyst (Ziegler-Natta or metallocene catalysts).