테르밋 반응

2Al + Fe2O3 → Al2O3 + 2Fe

개요

Aluminum reduces iron(III) oxide in this extremely exothermic redox reaction, reaching temperatures above 2500 C. Aluminum is oxidized from Al⁰ to Al³⁺ (losing 3 electrons) while iron is reduced from Fe³⁺ to Fe⁰. Once ignited, the reaction is self-sustaining and produces molten iron.

참여 물질

역할 물질 계수 상태
반응물 산화철(III) Fe₂O₃ 1 (s)
반응물 알루미늄 Al 2 (s)
생성물 산화알루미늄 Al₂O₃ 1 (s)
생성물 Fe 2 (l)

일상 속 예시

Railroad workers use thermite welding to join rail sections in the field, pouring molten iron into a mold around the rail joint.

산업적 중요성

테르밋 용접은 철도 선로 수리, 파이프라인 용접, 금속 절단에 사용됩니다. 반응의 극한 온도는 특수 야금 응용에 유용합니다.

자주 묻는 질문

What is the equation for 테르밋 반응?
The balanced equation is: 2Al + Fe₂O₃ → Al₂O₃ + 2Fe.
What type of reaction is 테르밋 반응?
테르밋 반응 is a 산화·환원 reaction.
Is 테르밋 반응 exothermic or endothermic?
테르밋 반응 is exothermic (releases energy). The enthalpy change (ΔH) is -851.5 kJ/mol.