풍선으로 보는 샤를의 법칙

온도에 따른 기체 부피 변화 측정하기

Gas Laws Beginner (Middle School) 30 분 ~$5.00

목표

다양한 온도에서 공기를 넣은 풍선의 둘레를 측정하여 샤를의 법칙을 실증한다.

배경

Charles's law states that at constant pressure, the volume of a gas is directly proportional to its absolute temperature (Kelvin). By heating and cooling a balloon and measuring its size, the linear relationship between V and T can be confirmed.

안전 경고

  • Handle hot water carefully
  • Do not use boiling water directly on the balloon

필수 개인 보호 장비

goggles

재료

  • Latex balloons (3)
    Same size
  • String (1 m)
    For measuring circumference
  • Ice (1 kg)
  • Hot water (2 L)
    Various temperatures

장비

Large containers (3) Thermometer Ruler or tape measure Timer

실험 절차

1

Inflate a balloon to a moderate size and tie it off. Measure its circumference at room temperature with string.

3 분
2

Prepare three water baths: ice water (~5°C), room temperature (~22°C), and hot water (~60°C).

5 분 Handle hot water carefully
3

Submerge the balloon in ice water for 5 minutes. Remove and quickly measure circumference. Record temperature.

7 분
4

Return the balloon to room temperature water for 5 minutes. Measure circumference.

7 분
5

Submerge in hot water for 5 minutes. Measure circumference. Record temperature.

7 분
6

Convert temperatures to Kelvin. Plot V (proportional to circumference³) vs T(K). Extrapolate to find absolute zero.

5 분

예상 결과

The balloon should be visibly smaller in ice water and larger in hot water. Plotting estimated volume vs absolute temperature should give a straight line. Extrapolating to zero volume should approximate -273°C (absolute zero).

정리

Drain water baths. Pop and dispose of balloons. Clean up any spills.

세부 정보

카테고리
Gas Laws
난이도
Beginner (Middle School)
소요 시간
30 분
예상 비용
$5.00
단계
6
재료
4

더 많은 실험

마그네슘을 이용한 기체 화학양론 40 min 데카르트 잠수함 15 min 증기압과 끓는점 45 min 보일의 법칙 검증 40 min 표준 상태에서 기체의 몰부피 35 min 수소 기체 포집 35 min 확산 속도 비교(그레이엄의 법칙) 30 min CO₂와 석회수 시험 20 min

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the objective of 풍선으로 보는 샤를의 법칙?
다양한 온도에서 공기를 넣은 풍선의 둘레를 측정하여 샤를의 법칙을 실증한다.
How difficult is 풍선으로 보는 샤를의 법칙?
This experiment is rated as Beginner (Middle School). It takes approximately 30 minutes to complete.
What safety precautions are needed for 풍선으로 보는 샤를의 법칙?
Key safety precautions include: Handle hot water carefully; Do not use boiling water directly on the balloon.
What materials are needed for 풍선으로 보는 샤를의 법칙?
The main materials required are: Latex balloons, String, Ice, Hot water.
What results should I expect from 풍선으로 보는 샤를의 법칙?
The balloon should be visibly smaller in ice water and larger in hot water. Plotting estimated volume vs absolute temperature should give a straight line. Extrapolating to zero volume should approximate -273°C (absolute zero).