Acetic Acid Dissociation in Water

CH3COOH + H2O ⇌ CH3COO− + H3O+

개요

Acetic acid partially dissociates in water with Ka = 1.8 × 10⁻⁵, meaning only about 1.3% of molecules ionize in a 1 M solution. This equilibrium is the archetypal weak acid dissociation used to teach acid ionization constants, ICE tables, and the relationship between Ka and pH.

참여 물질

역할 물질 계수 상태
반응물 Acetic Acid CH₃COOH 1 (aq)
반응물 Water H₂O 1 (l)

일상 속 예시

Vinegar (5% acetic acid) has a pH around 2.4 because the weak acid only partially ionizes, unlike strong acids that fully dissociate.

산업적 중요성

약산 평형의 이해는 완충 용액 제조, 의약품 조제, 발효 공정의 pH 조절에 필수적입니다.

성질

유형
Acid-Base
가역 반응
예
에너지
흡열
ΔH
0.4 kJ/mol

관련 반응

Hydrochloric Acid and Barium Hydroxide Acetic Acid and Sodium Acetate Buffer System Ammonia and Hydrochloric Acid Ascorbic Acid and Sodium Hydroxide Barium Hydroxide and Ammonium Thiocyanate (Endothermic) Carbonic Acid and Sodium Hydroxide Aluminum Hydroxide as Amphoteric Acid with NaOH Aluminum Chloride and Chloride Ion (Lewis Acid-Base) Acetic Acid and Sodium Hydroxide Neutralization Formic Acid and Sodium Hydroxide

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the equation for Acetic Acid Dissociation in Water?
The balanced equation is: CH₃COOH + H₂O ⇌ CH₃COO⁻ + H₃O⁺.
What type of reaction is Acetic Acid Dissociation in Water?
Acetic Acid Dissociation in Water is a acid-base reaction. It is reversible under certain conditions.
Is Acetic Acid Dissociation in Water exothermic or endothermic?
Acetic Acid Dissociation in Water is endothermic (absorbs energy). The enthalpy change (ΔH) is 0.4 kJ/mol.