Friedel-Crafts Alkylation of Benzene

C6H6 + CH3Cl → C6H5CH3 + HCl

개요

Benzene reacts with chloromethane in the presence of aluminum chloride catalyst to form toluene and HCl. AlCl₃ generates the electrophilic CH₃⁺ (or a complex equivalent) that attacks the electron-rich benzene ring. This electrophilic aromatic substitution is fundamental to synthetic organic chemistry.

참여 물질

역할 물질 계수 상태
반응물 Benzene C₆H₆ 1 (l)
생성물 Hydrochloric Acid HCl 1 (g)

일상 속 예시

Toluene is a common solvent found in paint thinners, adhesives, and is the precursor to TNT (trinitrotoluene).

산업적 중요성

에틸벤젠(스타이렌 전구체), 쿠멘(페놀·아세톤 제조), 알킬벤젠 계면활성제 합성에 사용됩니다. 석유화학 및 합성 수지 산업의 핵심 반응입니다.

성질

유형
Organic
가역 반응
아니오
에너지
발열
ΔH
-78.0 kJ/mol
촉매
AlCl₃

관련 반응

Epoxidation of Alkenes (mCPBA) Swern Oxidation Oxidation of Secondary Alcohol to Ketone E2 Elimination (Dehydrohalogenation) Claisen Condensation (Ethyl Acetate) Aldol Condensation of Acetaldehyde Kolbe Electrolysis Baeyer-Villiger Oxidation Beckmann Rearrangement (Cyclohexanone Oxime) Dehydration of Ethanol

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the equation for Friedel-Crafts Alkylation of Benzene?
The balanced equation is: C₆H₆ + CH₃Cl → C₆H₅CH₃ + HCl.
What type of reaction is Friedel-Crafts Alkylation of Benzene?
Friedel-Crafts Alkylation of Benzene is a organic reaction.
Is Friedel-Crafts Alkylation of Benzene exothermic or endothermic?
Friedel-Crafts Alkylation of Benzene is exothermic (releases energy). The enthalpy change (ΔH) is -78.0 kJ/mol.
What conditions are needed for Friedel-Crafts Alkylation of Benzene?
This reaction requires a catalyst (AlCl₃).