Volumen Molar de un Gas en Condiciones Normales

Determinación experimental de 22,4 L/mol usando butano

Gas Laws Intermediate (High School) 35 min ~$6,00

Objetivo

Determinar el volumen molar del gas butano en condiciones normales midiendo la masa y el volumen de gas liberado de un encendedor.

Antecedentes

A butane lighter releases pure C₄H₁₀ gas. By weighing the lighter before and after releasing gas into a water-displacement collection system, and measuring the volume collected, the molar volume can be calculated and compared to the theoretical 22.4 L/mol at STP.

Advertencias de seguridad

  • Butane is extremely flammable — NO open flames during the experiment
  • Ensure adequate ventilation
  • Do not inhale butane

EPP requerido

goggles

Materiales

  • Butane lighter (1)
    Disposable, transparent preferred
  • Distilled water (1 L)
  • Ice (as needed)
    Optional, for STP correction

Equipamiento

Pneumatic trough or large container Graduated cylinder (500 mL or 1 L) Analytical balance (0.01 g) Thermometer Barometer Rubber tubing

Procedimiento

1

Weigh the butane lighter on the analytical balance. Record the mass to 0.01 g.

2 min
2

Fill the graduated cylinder with water, invert it in the pneumatic trough.

3 min
3

Connect rubber tubing to the lighter nozzle. Submerge the other end under the graduated cylinder.

3 min No flames nearby
4

Release butane slowly into the inverted cylinder, collecting 200-400 mL of gas.

5 min Butane is flammable
5

Record the volume of gas collected. Equalize water levels first.

2 min
6

Reweigh the lighter. The mass difference is the mass of butane released.

2 min
7

Record temperature and pressure. Calculate moles of butane (M=58.12 g/mol). Correct volume to STP using combined gas law.

8 min
8

Calculate molar volume = V(STP)/n. Compare with theoretical 22.4 L/mol.

5 min

Resultados esperados

0.3 g butane = 0.00516 mol should occupy about 116 mL at STP. Molar volume should be approximately 22-24 L/mol, within 5-10% of the theoretical 22.4 L/mol.

Limpieza

Ensure no butane remains in the room — ventilate well. Drain water apparatus. Store lighter safely.

Detalles

Categoría
Gas Laws
Dificultad
Intermediate (High School)
Duración
35 min
Costo estimado
$6,00
Pasos
8
Materiales
3

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Frequently Asked Questions

What is the objective of Volumen Molar de un Gas en Condiciones Normales?
Determinar el volumen molar del gas butano en condiciones normales midiendo la masa y el volumen de gas liberado de un encendedor.
How difficult is Volumen Molar de un Gas en Condiciones Normales?
This experiment is rated as Intermediate (High School). It takes approximately 35 minutes to complete.
What safety precautions are needed for Volumen Molar de un Gas en Condiciones Normales?
Key safety precautions include: Butane is extremely flammable — NO open flames during the experiment; Ensure adequate ventilation; Do not inhale butane.
What materials are needed for Volumen Molar de un Gas en Condiciones Normales?
The main materials required are: Butane lighter, Distilled water, Ice.
What results should I expect from Volumen Molar de un Gas en Condiciones Normales?
0.3 g butane = 0.00516 mol should occupy about 116 mL at STP. Molar volume should be approximately 22-24 L/mol, within 5-10% of the theoretical 22.4 L/mol.