17 Cl Cloro 35,45 u

Cloro

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Período
3
Grupo
17
Bloque
p-bloque
Fase (STP)
Gas

El cloro es un halógeno muy reactivo empleado extensamente en la purificación del agua. Es el segundo halógeno más ligero y un elemento esencial para la vida.

Apariencia: Pale yellow-green gas

Acerca de Cloro

A pale yellow-green gas with a sharp odor, chlorine is among the most reactive of the halogens and is used the world over to purify water. It has atomic number 17 and an atomic mass of 35.45, condensing to a liquid at 239 K. Seven valence electrons ([Ne] 3s2 3p5) leave it one short of a stable octet, producing a high electronegativity of 3.16 and a first ionization energy of 1251 kJ/mol. Carl Wilhelm Scheele first produced the gas in 1774. Though hazardous in concentrated form, chlorine is essential to life as the chloride ion. It is the second lightest halogen and sits in group 17, period 3.

Propiedades físicas

Masa atómica 35.45 u
Densidad 0.003214 g/cm³
Punto de fusión -101.5 °C
Punto de ebullición -34.0 °C
Fase a STP Gas
Radio atómico 79.0 pm

Propiedades electrónicas

Electronegatividad 3.16
Energía de ionización 1251.2 eV
Afinidad electrónica 349.0 eV
Electrones de valencia 7

Configuración electrónica

Configuración [Ne] 3s² 3p⁵

Configuración de capas electrónicas

Configuración de capas electrónicas de Cloro Cl 2e⁻ 8e⁻ 7e⁻
Estructura de capas electrónicas de Cloro: electrones por capa.
Capa Electrones
1 (K) 2
2 (L) 8
3 (M) 7

Posición en la tabla periódica

Posición de Cloro en la tabla periódica Cl

Descubrimiento

Descubierto por: Carl Wilhelm Scheele
Año: 1774

Compuestos que contienen Cloro

Frequently Asked Questions

What is Cloro?
Cloro (Cl) is a chemical element with atomic number 17. It is a gas at standard temperature and pressure, classified as a halógeno.
What are the key properties of Cloro?
Cloro has an atomic mass of 35.45 u, density of 0.003214 g/cm³, melting point of -101.5°C, boiling point of -34.0°C.
What is the electron configuration of Cloro?
The electron configuration of Cloro is [Ne] 3s2 3p5. It is in the p-block of the periodic table.
Who discovered Cloro?
Cloro was discovered by Carl Wilhelm Scheele in 1774.
What is the electronegativity of Cloro?
Cloro has an electronegativity of 3.16 on the Pauling scale.