31 Ga Galio 69,723 u

Galio

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Período
4
Grupo
13
Bloque
p-bloque
Fase (STP)
Solid

El galio es un metal blando que funde justo por encima de la temperatura ambiente. Se emplea en semiconductores, LED y células solares.

Apariencia: Silvery blue

Acerca de Galio

Soft enough to melt in a warm hand, gallium is a silvery-blue metal that liquefies just above room temperature, at about 303 K. It has atomic number 31 and an atomic mass of 69.723, with a density of 5.91 g/cm³ and a boiling point far higher, near 2673 K. Three valence electrons ([Ar] 3d10 4s2 4p1) give an electronegativity of 1.81 and a first ionization energy of 579 kJ/mol. Paul-Émile Lecoq de Boisbaudran discovered the element in 1875. Gallium is used in semiconductors, light-emitting diodes, and solar cells, and it is classed as a post-transition metal in group 13, period 4.

Propiedades físicas

Masa atómica 69.723 u
Densidad 5.91 g/cm³
Punto de fusión 29.8 °C
Punto de ebullición 2399.8 °C
Fase a STP Solid
Radio atómico 136.0 pm

Propiedades electrónicas

Electronegatividad 1.81
Energía de ionización 578.8 eV
Afinidad electrónica 28.9 eV
Electrones de valencia 3

Configuración electrónica

Configuración [Ar] 3d¹⁰ 4s² 4p¹

Configuración de capas electrónicas

Configuración de capas electrónicas de Galio Ga 2e⁻ 8e⁻ 18e⁻ 3e⁻
Estructura de capas electrónicas de Galio: electrones por capa.
Capa Electrones
1 (K) 2
2 (L) 8
3 (M) 18
4 (N) 3

Posición en la tabla periódica

Posición de Galio en la tabla periódica Ga

Descubrimiento

Descubierto por: Lecoq de Boisbaudran
Año: 1875

Compuestos que contienen Galio

Frequently Asked Questions

What is Galio?
Galio (Ga) is a chemical element with atomic number 31. It is a solid at standard temperature and pressure, classified as a metal post-transición.
What are the key properties of Galio?
Galio has an atomic mass of 69.723 u, density of 5.91 g/cm³, melting point of 29.8°C, boiling point of 2399.8°C.
What is the electron configuration of Galio?
The electron configuration of Galio is [Ar] 3d10 4s2 4p1. It is in the p-block of the periodic table.
Who discovered Galio?
Galio was discovered by Lecoq de Boisbaudran in 1875.
What is the electronegativity of Galio?
Galio has an electronegativity of 1.81 on the Pauling scale.