12 Mg Magnesio 24,305 u

Magnesio

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Período
3
Grupo
2
Bloque
s-bloque
Fase (STP)
Solid

El magnesio es un metal alcalinotérreo ligero, esencial para las células vivas. Arde con una llama blanca brillante y se usa en aleaciones y fuegos artificiales.

Apariencia: Shiny grey solid

Acerca de Magnesio

Recognized as containing a distinct element by Joseph Black in 1755, magnesium is a lightweight alkaline earth metal with atomic number 12 and an atomic mass of 24.305. Its density of 1.74 g/cm³ places it among the lightest structural metals, and it melts at 923 K. Two valence electrons ([Ne] 3s2) yield an electronegativity of 1.31 and a first ionization energy of 738 kJ/mol. Magnesium is essential to living cells. The metal burns with a brilliant white light, a property exploited in fireworks, while its low density makes it valuable in alloys. It occupies group 2, period 3, directly below beryllium.

Propiedades físicas

Masa atómica 24.305 u
Densidad 1.738 g/cm³
Punto de fusión 649.9 °C
Punto de ebullición 1089.8 °C
Fase a STP Solid
Radio atómico 145.0 pm

Propiedades electrónicas

Electronegatividad 1.31
Energía de ionización 737.7 eV
Electrones de valencia 2

Configuración electrónica

Configuración [Ne] 3s²

Configuración de capas electrónicas

Configuración de capas electrónicas de Magnesio Mg 2e⁻ 8e⁻ 2e⁻
Estructura de capas electrónicas de Magnesio: electrones por capa.
Capa Electrones
1 (K) 2
2 (L) 8
3 (M) 2

Posición en la tabla periódica

Posición de Magnesio en la tabla periódica Mg

Descubrimiento

Descubierto por: Joseph Black
Año: 1755

Compuestos que contienen Magnesio

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Frequently Asked Questions

What is Magnesio?
Magnesio (Mg) is a chemical element with atomic number 12. It is a solid at standard temperature and pressure, classified as a metal alcalinotérreo.
What are the key properties of Magnesio?
Magnesio has an atomic mass of 24.305 u, density of 1.738 g/cm³, melting point of 649.9°C, boiling point of 1089.8°C.
What is the electron configuration of Magnesio?
The electron configuration of Magnesio is [Ne] 3s2. It is in the s-block of the periodic table.
Who discovered Magnesio?
Magnesio was discovered by Joseph Black in 1755.
What is the electronegativity of Magnesio?
Magnesio has an electronegativity of 1.31 on the Pauling scale.