3 Li Litio 6,941 u

Litio

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Período
2
Grupo
1
Bloque
s-bloque
Fase (STP)
Solid

El litio es el metal más ligero y el elemento sólido menos denso. Se utiliza ampliamente en baterías recargables y en medicación psiquiátrica.

Apariencia: Silvery-white

Acerca de Litio

The lightest of all metals and the least dense element that is solid at room temperature, lithium occupies atomic number 3 with an atomic mass of 6.94. It is a soft, silvery-white alkali metal that melts at 454 K, with a single valence electron ([He] 2s1) that it readily gives up—reflected in a low electronegativity of 0.98 and a first ionization energy of 520 kJ/mol. Johan August Arfwedson identified the element in 1817. The same ease of ionization underlies lithium's dominant role in rechargeable batteries, while its salts are used in psychiatric medication. Sitting in group 1, period 2, the metal is too reactive to occur uncombined and is recovered instead from minerals and brines.

Propiedades físicas

Masa atómica 6.941 u
Densidad 0.534 g/cm³
Punto de fusión 180.5 °C
Punto de ebullición 1329.8 °C
Fase a STP Solid
Radio atómico 167.0 pm

Propiedades electrónicas

Electronegatividad 0.98
Energía de ionización 520.2 eV
Afinidad electrónica 59.6 eV
Electrones de valencia 1

Configuración electrónica

Configuración [He] 2s¹

Configuración de capas electrónicas

Configuración de capas electrónicas de Litio Li 2e⁻ 1e⁻
Estructura de capas electrónicas de Litio: electrones por capa.
Capa Electrones
1 (K) 2
2 (L) 1

Posición en la tabla periódica

Posición de Litio en la tabla periódica Li

Descubrimiento

Descubierto por: Johan August Arfwedson
Año: 1817

Compuestos que contienen Litio

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Frequently Asked Questions

What is Litio?
Litio (Li) is a chemical element with atomic number 3. It is a solid at standard temperature and pressure, classified as a metal alcalino.
What are the key properties of Litio?
Litio has an atomic mass of 6.941 u, density of 0.534 g/cm³, melting point of 180.5°C, boiling point of 1329.8°C.
What is the electron configuration of Litio?
The electron configuration of Litio is [He] 2s1. It is in the s-block of the periodic table.
Who discovered Litio?
Litio was discovered by Johan August Arfwedson in 1817.
What is the electronegativity of Litio?
Litio has an electronegativity of 0.98 on the Pauling scale.