Prueba de Llama con Sodio

Identificación del sodio por su llama amarilla brillante

Flame Tests Beginner (Middle School) 15 min ~$5,00

Objetivo

Observar la característica llama amarilla brillante producida cuando los compuestos de sodio se calientan, demostrando cómo los iones metálicos producen colores de llama específicos.

Antecedentes

The sodium flame test is one of the simplest and most dramatic qualitative analysis techniques. When sodium ions are introduced into a flame, the thermal energy excites the 3s valence electron to the 3p orbital. As the electron returns to the ground state, it emits light at 589 nm, producing an intense and persistent yellow-orange color. This is the same emission responsible for the yellow color of sodium vapor street lamps.

Advertencias de seguridad

  • Wear safety goggles at all times
  • Keep hair tied back near open flames
  • Handle HCl with care — avoid skin contact
  • Ensure proper ventilation

EPP requerido

goggles lab_coat

Materiales

  • Sodium chloride (NaCl) (1 g)
    Table salt works
  • Hydrochloric acid (HCl) (10 mL)
    1M concentration
  • Distilled water (50 mL)
    For cleaning

Equipamiento

Bunsen burner Nichrome wire loop Watch glass Forceps

Procedimiento

1

Clean the nichrome wire by dipping it in 1M HCl and holding it in the hottest part of the Bunsen burner flame. Repeat until no color appears in the flame.

2 min
2

Place a small amount of sodium chloride on the watch glass.

1 min
3

Dip the clean nichrome wire into the HCl, then into the sodium chloride sample to pick up a small amount.

1 min
4

Hold the wire loop with the sample at the edge of the Bunsen burner flame and observe the flame color.

2 min Keep face away from flame
5

Record the flame color observed. Note the intensity and persistence of the color.

1 min
6

Clean the wire again with HCl and repeat to confirm results.

2 min

Resultados esperados

A bright, persistent yellow-orange flame should appear immediately when the sodium chloride is introduced to the flame. The color is so intense that it can mask the colors of other metal ions present.

Limpieza

Clean the nichrome wire loop thoroughly with HCl. Dispose of remaining chemicals according to lab protocols. Wipe down the work area.

Detalles

Categoría
Flame Tests
Dificultad
Beginner (Middle School)
Duración
15 min
Costo estimado
$5,00
Pasos
6
Materiales
3

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Frequently Asked Questions

What is the objective of Prueba de Llama con Sodio?
Observar la característica llama amarilla brillante producida cuando los compuestos de sodio se calientan, demostrando cómo los iones metálicos producen colores de llama específicos.
How difficult is Prueba de Llama con Sodio?
This experiment is rated as Beginner (Middle School). It takes approximately 15 minutes to complete.
What safety precautions are needed for Prueba de Llama con Sodio?
Key safety precautions include: Wear safety goggles at all times; Keep hair tied back near open flames; Handle HCl with care — avoid skin contact.
What materials are needed for Prueba de Llama con Sodio?
The main materials required are: Sodium chloride (NaCl), Hydrochloric acid (HCl), Distilled water.
What results should I expect from Prueba de Llama con Sodio?
A bright, persistent yellow-orange flame should appear immediately when the sodium chloride is introduced to the flame. The color is so intense that it can mask the colors of other metal ions present.