Trinitrotolueno

C₇H₅N₃O₆

IUPAC: 2-Methyl-1,3,5-trinitrobenzene

CAS: 118-96-7

Descripción general

TNT is a yellow solid explosive that is one of the most commonly used military and commercial explosives. Despite being an explosive, it is remarkably stable and requires a detonator to explode. A tonne of TNT is the standard unit for measuring explosive energy.

Composición

Elemento Símbolo Átomos Masa atómica
Hidrógeno H 5 1,0080
Carbono C 7 12,0110
Nitrógeno N 3 14,0070
Oxígeno O 6 15,9990

Composición elemental

H
Hidrógeno ×5
2,2%
C
Carbono ×7
37,0%
N
Nitrógeno ×3
18,5%
O
Oxígeno ×6
42,3%

Usos

  • • Military explosive
  • • Mining and demolition
  • • Energy equivalent standard (kiloton, megaton)
  • • Dyestuff intermediate (historical)

Datos curiosos

  • ✦ The 'kiloton' and 'megaton' used to measure nuclear weapons are in TNT-equivalents
  • ✦ TNT was initially used as a yellow dye before its explosive potential was realized

Seguridad

  • ⚠ Explosive (requires detonator)
  • ⚠ Toxic (liver damage)
  • ⚠ Skin absorption causes yellow staining
  • ⚠ Environmental contaminant at military sites

Estructura

SMILES

CC1=C(C=C(C=C1[N+](=O)[O-])[N+](=O)[O-])[N+](=O)[O-]

Propiedades

Tipo
organic
Estado
solid
Masa molar
227,13 g/mol
Densidad
1,6540 g/cm³
Punto de fusión
80,4 °C
Punto de ebullición
240,0 °C
Solubilidad
0.13 g/L at 20°C

Descriptores moleculares

Masa exacta
227,0178
XLogP
1,6
TPSA
137,0 Ų
Donadores de enlace de hidrógeno
0
Aceptores de enlace de hidrógeno
6
Enlaces rotables
0
Átomos pesados
16
Complejidad
292,0

También conocido como

TNT

Compuestos relacionados

1,2-Dicloroetano

C₂H₄Cl₂

1,3-Butadieno

C₄H₆

1,4-Dioxano

C₄H₈O₂

1-Butanol

C₄H₁₀O

2-Propanol

C₃H₈O

Acetaldehído

CH₃CHO

Acetamida

C₂H₅NO

Acetato de butilo

C₆H₁₂O₂

Acetato de etilo

C₄H₈O₂

Acetato de vinilo

C₄H₆O₂

Frequently Asked Questions

What is Trinitrotolueno?
Trinitrotolueno (C₇H₅N₃O₆) is a organic compound with the IUPAC name 2-Methyl-1,3,5-trinitrobenzene.
What is the molecular weight of Trinitrotolueno?
Trinitrotolueno has a molar mass of 227.132 g/mol.
What state is Trinitrotolueno at room temperature?
Trinitrotolueno is a solid at room temperature.
Is Trinitrotolueno organic or inorganic?
Trinitrotolueno is classified as an organic compound.
What elements make up Trinitrotolueno?
Trinitrotolueno (C₇H₅N₃O₆) is composed of Hidrógeno (H), Carbono (C), Nitrógeno (N), Oxígeno (O).