Lithium Iron Phosphate Battery (LFP)

LiFePO₄ ⇌ FePO₄ + Li⁺ + e⁻

Descripción general

LFP batteries use lithium iron phosphate cathode and graphite anode with a cell voltage of 3.2–3.3 V and energy density of 90–160 Wh/kg. The olivine crystal structure of LiFePO₄ provides exceptional thermal stability and safety — the Fe–O bond is much stronger than the Co–O bond in NMC/NCA, preventing oxygen release during thermal runaway.

Participantes

Rol	Sustancia	Coeficiente	Estado
Reactivo	Lithium Li	1	(s)
Reactivo	Iron Fe	1	(s)

Ejemplo cotidiano

Tesla's Standard Range vehicles and many Chinese EVs use LFP batteries for their superior safety and longer cycle life (3,000+ cycles).

Importancia industrial

Las baterías LFP dominan los vehículos eléctricos chinos y están en expansión global. La batería Blade de BYD y la tecnología CELL-to-PACK de CATL utilizan química LFP para reducir costes y mejorar seguridad.

Propiedades

Tipo: Electrochemical
Reversible: Sí
Energía: Exotérmico
ΔH: -180,0 kJ/mol

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Frequently Asked Questions

What is the equation for Lithium Iron Phosphate Battery (LFP)?

The balanced equation is: LiFePO₄ ⇌ FePO₄ + Li⁺ + e⁻.

What type of reaction is Lithium Iron Phosphate Battery (LFP)?

Lithium Iron Phosphate Battery (LFP) is a electrochemical reaction. It is reversible under certain conditions.

Is Lithium Iron Phosphate Battery (LFP) exothermic or endothermic?

Lithium Iron Phosphate Battery (LFP) is exothermic (releases energy). The enthalpy change (ΔH) is -180.0 kJ/mol.