Preparación de Acetaminofén (Paracetamol)

Síntesis de un analgésico mediante formación de enlace amida

Organic Synthesis Advanced (University) 80 min ~$18,00

Objetivo

Sintetizar acetaminofén (paracetamol) por la acetilación de p-aminofenol con anhídrido acético, demostrando la formación de enlaces amida.

Antecedentes

Acetaminophen is one of the world's most widely used over-the-counter analgesics. Its synthesis involves the reaction of p-aminophenol with acetic anhydride to form an amide bond. The reaction is selective for the amine group over the phenol group under mild conditions.

Advertencias de seguridad

  • Acetic anhydride is corrosive and has a strong odor
  • p-Aminophenol can cause skin irritation
  • Do not consume the product
  • Work in a fume hood

EPP requerido

goggles gloves lab_coat

Materiales

  • p-Aminophenol (1.5 g)
  • Acetic anhydride (2 mL)
    Corrosive
  • Distilled water (100 mL)
    Ice-cold for crystallization
  • Acetone (10 mL)
    For recrystallization

Equipamiento

250 mL Erlenmeyer flask Hot water bath Buchner funnel Filter flask Melting point apparatus Ice bath

Procedimiento

1

Dissolve 1.5 g p-aminophenol in 15 mL distilled water in the Erlenmeyer flask. Warm gently if needed.

5 min Handle p-aminophenol with gloves
2

Add 2 mL acetic anhydride to the solution. Stir vigorously for 10 minutes.

10 min Fume hood — pungent vapors
3

Heat the mixture in a water bath at 70°C for 10 minutes to complete the reaction.

12 min
4

Cool the mixture in an ice bath until crystals form.

15 min
5

Collect crude product by vacuum filtration. Wash with cold water.

8 min
6

Recrystallize from hot water or acetone/water mixture. Cool slowly for larger crystals.

15 min
7

Collect purified crystals. Dry and determine melting point (pure: 168-170°C).

10 min
8

Calculate percent yield.

5 min

Resultados esperados

White crystalline solid with melting point 167-170°C. Typical yield is 70-85%. The product should be pure white; discoloration indicates impurities from p-aminophenol oxidation.

Limpieza

Do not consume the product. Dispose of organic waste properly. Rinse all glassware.

Detalles

Categoría
Organic Synthesis
Dificultad
Advanced (University)
Duración
80 min
Costo estimado
$18,00
Pasos
8
Materiales
4

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Frequently Asked Questions

What is the objective of Preparación de Acetaminofén (Paracetamol)?
Sintetizar acetaminofén (paracetamol) por la acetilación de p-aminofenol con anhídrido acético, demostrando la formación de enlaces amida.
How difficult is Preparación de Acetaminofén (Paracetamol)?
This experiment is rated as Advanced (University). It takes approximately 80 minutes to complete.
What safety precautions are needed for Preparación de Acetaminofén (Paracetamol)?
Key safety precautions include: Acetic anhydride is corrosive and has a strong odor; p-Aminophenol can cause skin irritation; Do not consume the product.
What materials are needed for Preparación de Acetaminofén (Paracetamol)?
The main materials required are: p-Aminophenol, Acetic anhydride, Distilled water, Acetone.
What results should I expect from Preparación de Acetaminofén (Paracetamol)?
White crystalline solid with melting point 167-170°C. Typical yield is 70-85%. The product should be pure white; discoloration indicates impurities from p-aminophenol oxidation.