Electrólisis cloro-álcali

2NaCl + 2H2O → Cl2 + 2NaOH + H2

Descripción general

Electrolysis of concentrated brine (NaCl solution) produces three essential industrial chemicals simultaneously: chlorine gas at the anode, sodium hydroxide solution at the cathode, and hydrogen gas as a byproduct. Modern membrane cells use ion-exchange membranes to separate products and achieve 95%+ current efficiency.

Participantes

Rol Sustancia Coeficiente Estado
Reactivo Cloruro de sodio NaCl 2 (aq)
Reactivo Agua H₂O 2 (l)
Producto Hidróxido de sodio NaOH 2 (aq)

Ejemplo cotidiano

The chlorine in your tap water and the lye in drain cleaner both come from this single electrochemical process.

Importancia industrial

La industria cloro-álcali produce aproximadamente 75 millones de toneladas de NaOH y 65 millones de toneladas de Cl₂ al año, consumiendo alrededor del 1 % de la electricidad mundial.

Preguntas frecuentes

What is the equation for Electrólisis cloro-álcali?
The balanced equation is: 2NaCl + 2H₂O → Cl₂ + 2NaOH + H₂.
What type of reaction is Electrólisis cloro-álcali?
Electrólisis cloro-álcali is a electroquímica reaction.
Is Electrólisis cloro-álcali exothermic or endothermic?
Electrólisis cloro-álcali is endothermic (absorbs energy). The enthalpy change (ΔH) is 422.0 kJ/mol.