Capacidad Calorífica Específica de Metales

Comparación de capacidades caloríficas de aluminio, cobre y hierro

Thermochemistry Intermediate (High School) 40 min ~$10,00

Objetivo

Determinar la capacidad calorífica específica de varios metales usando el método de mezclas y comparar con los valores aceptados.

Antecedentes

The specific heat capacity of a metal can be determined by heating a known mass of metal to a known temperature, then transferring it to water in a calorimeter and measuring the temperature change. Energy conservation (q_metal = -q_water) allows calculation of the metal's specific heat.

Advertencias de seguridad

  • Hot metals and boiling water — burn risk
  • Use tongs to transfer hot metals
  • Do not touch hot metals with bare hands

EPP requerido

goggles lab_coat

Materiales

  • Metal samples (Al, Cu, Fe) (50 g each)
    Cylindrical pieces work best
  • Distilled water (300 mL)
  • Boiling water (500 mL)
    For heating metals

Equipamiento

Polystyrene cup calorimeter Beaker (600 mL) Hot plate Thermometer (2) Analytical balance Tongs String

Procedimiento

1

Weigh each metal sample accurately. Record masses.

3 min
2

Place all metals in boiling water for 10 minutes to reach 100°C.

12 min Handle hot water carefully
3

Add 100 mL room-temperature water to the calorimeter. Record initial temperature.

2 min
4

Using tongs, quickly transfer the aluminum sample to the calorimeter. Stir and record max temperature.

5 min Hot metal — use tongs
5

Calculate c(Al) = m(water)×c(water)×ΔT(water) / [m(Al)×ΔT(Al)].

5 min
6

Repeat steps 3-5 for copper and iron.

15 min
7

Compare measured values with accepted: Al=0.897, Cu=0.385, Fe=0.449 J/g°C.

5 min

Resultados esperados

Aluminum should give the largest temperature rise in the water (highest specific heat), followed by iron, then copper. Measured values should be within 10-20% of accepted values.

Limpieza

Allow metals to cool completely. Dry and store. Pour water down the drain. Clean calorimeter.

Detalles

Categoría
Thermochemistry
Dificultad
Intermediate (High School)
Duración
40 min
Costo estimado
$10,00
Pasos
7
Materiales
3

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Frequently Asked Questions

What is the objective of Capacidad Calorífica Específica de Metales?
Determinar la capacidad calorífica específica de varios metales usando el método de mezclas y comparar con los valores aceptados.
How difficult is Capacidad Calorífica Específica de Metales?
This experiment is rated as Intermediate (High School). It takes approximately 40 minutes to complete.
What safety precautions are needed for Capacidad Calorífica Específica de Metales?
Key safety precautions include: Hot metals and boiling water — burn risk; Use tongs to transfer hot metals; Do not touch hot metals with bare hands.
What materials are needed for Capacidad Calorífica Específica de Metales?
The main materials required are: Metal samples (Al, Cu, Fe), Distilled water, Boiling water.
What results should I expect from Capacidad Calorífica Específica de Metales?
Aluminum should give the largest temperature rise in the water (highest specific heat), followed by iron, then copper. Measured values should be within 10-20% of accepted values.