Electrolysis of Molten NaCl (Downs Process)

2NaCl → 2Na + Cl2

Descripción general

The Downs process electrolyzes molten NaCl at about 600°C (lowered from 801°C by adding CaCl₂) to produce sodium metal at the cathode and chlorine gas at the anode. A cylindrical iron cathode surrounds a graphite anode, with an iron screen separating products. This is the primary industrial method for producing metallic sodium.

Participantes

Rol Sustancia Coeficiente Estado
Reactivo Sodium Chloride NaCl 2 (l)
Producto Sodium Na 2 (l)

Ejemplo cotidiano

Sodium metal produced by this process is used to make sodium vapor street lights that give a characteristic yellow glow.

Importancia industrial

El proceso Downs produce sodio metálico utilizado en la fabricación de peróxido de sodio, hidruro de sodio y como refrigerante en reactores nucleares de neutrones rápidos.

Propiedades

Tipo
Electrochemical
Reversible
No
Energía
Endotérmico
ΔH
822,0 kJ/mol
Catalizador
CaCl₂ (melting point depressant)

Reacciones relacionadas

Electrolysis of Water Electrolytic Production of Chlorate Electrorefining of Copper Alkaline Battery Discharge Anodizing of Aluminum Cathodic Protection (Zinc Sacrificial Anode) Chlor-Alkali Electrolysis Chrome Electroplating Nickel-Metal Hydride Battery Electrochemical CO₂ Reduction to CO

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the equation for Electrolysis of Molten NaCl (Downs Process)?
The balanced equation is: 2NaCl → 2Na + Cl₂.
What type of reaction is Electrolysis of Molten NaCl (Downs Process)?
Electrolysis of Molten NaCl (Downs Process) is a electrochemical reaction.
Is Electrolysis of Molten NaCl (Downs Process) exothermic or endothermic?
Electrolysis of Molten NaCl (Downs Process) is endothermic (absorbs energy). The enthalpy change (ΔH) is 822.0 kJ/mol.
What conditions are needed for Electrolysis of Molten NaCl (Downs Process)?
This reaction requires a catalyst (CaCl₂ (melting point depressant)).