Prueba de Tollens (espejo de plata)

RCHO + 2Ag(NH3)2+ + 2OH → RCOO + 2Ag + 4NH3 + H2O

Descripción general

Tollens' reagent (silver-ammonia complex) is reduced to metallic silver by aldehydes, producing a silver mirror on the test tube walls. The aldehyde is oxidized to a carboxylate. This test distinguishes aldehydes from ketones, as ketones cannot be easily oxidized. It was historically used for mirror manufacturing.

Participantes

Rol Sustancia Coeficiente Estado
Producto Agua H₂O 1 (l)
Producto Plata Ag 2 (s)
Producto Amoniaco NH₃ 4 (aq)

Ejemplo cotidiano

The silver mirror test creates a beautiful reflective coating on glass, and this chemistry was actually used to make mirrors commercially.

Importancia industrial

Método analítico para distinguir aldehídos de cetonas y base de los recubrimientos de espejos de plata en óptica.

Preguntas frecuentes

What is the equation for Prueba de Tollens (espejo de plata)?
The balanced equation is: RCHO + 2Ag(NH₃)₂⁺ + 2OH⁻ → RCOO⁻ + 2Ag + 4NH₃ + H₂O.
What type of reaction is Prueba de Tollens (espejo de plata)?
Prueba de Tollens (espejo de plata) is a redox reaction.
Is Prueba de Tollens (espejo de plata) exothermic or endothermic?
Prueba de Tollens (espejo de plata) is exothermic (releases energy). The enthalpy change (ΔH) is -135.0 kJ/mol.