Synthesis of Ethanol (Hydration of Ethylene)

C2H4 + H2O → C2H5OH

Descripción general

Ethylene reacts with steam over a phosphoric acid catalyst at 300 C and 60-70 atm to produce ethanol. This is the primary industrial method for synthetic ethanol production. The reaction follows Markovnikov's rule.

Participantes

Rol Sustancia Coeficiente Estado
Reactivo Ethylene C₂H₄ 1 (g)
Reactivo Water H₂O 1 (g)
Producto Ethanol C₂H₅OH 1 (l)

Ejemplo cotidiano

Industrial ethanol used in hand sanitizers, solvents, and chemical manufacturing is often produced by this process.

Importancia industrial

Proceso industrial para la producción de etanol de alta pureza para disolventes, farmacéutica y biocombustibles.

Propiedades

Tipo
Synthesis
Reversible
Sí
Energía
Exotérmico
ΔH
-44,2 kJ/mol
Catalizador
Phosphoric acid (H₃PO₄) on silica

Reacciones relacionadas

Formation of Calcium Hydroxide Formation of Carbon Monoxide Formation of Nitrogen Dioxide Formation of Potassium Chloride Formation of Sodium Bicarbonate Formation of Sodium Peroxide Formation of Silicon Dioxide Formation of Tungsten Carbide Formation of Copper(II) Sulfide Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis (General)

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the equation for Synthesis of Ethanol (Hydration of Ethylene)?
The balanced equation is: C₂H₄ + H₂O → C₂H₅OH.
What type of reaction is Synthesis of Ethanol (Hydration of Ethylene)?
Synthesis of Ethanol (Hydration of Ethylene) is a synthesis reaction. It is reversible under certain conditions.
Is Synthesis of Ethanol (Hydration of Ethylene) exothermic or endothermic?
Synthesis of Ethanol (Hydration of Ethylene) is exothermic (releases energy). The enthalpy change (ΔH) is -44.2 kJ/mol.
What conditions are needed for Synthesis of Ethanol (Hydration of Ethylene)?
This reaction requires a catalyst (Phosphoric acid (H₃PO₄) on silica).