Alquilación de Friedel-Crafts de benceno

C6H6 + CH3Cl → C6H5CH3 + HCl

Descripción general

Benzene reacts with chloromethane in the presence of aluminum chloride catalyst to form toluene and HCl. AlCl₃ generates the electrophilic CH₃⁺ (or a complex equivalent) that attacks the electron-rich benzene ring. This electrophilic aromatic substitution is fundamental to synthetic organic chemistry.

Participantes

Rol Sustancia Coeficiente Estado
Reactivo Benceno C₆H₆ 1 (l)
Producto Ácido clorhídrico HCl 1 (g)

Ejemplo cotidiano

Toluene is a common solvent found in paint thinners, adhesives, and is the precursor to TNT (trinitrotoluene).

Importancia industrial

Las reacciones de Friedel-Crafts se usan para producir etilbenceno (para estireno y poliestireno), cumeno (para fenol y acetona) y detergentes alquilbencénicos.

Preguntas frecuentes

What is the equation for Alquilación de Friedel-Crafts de benceno?
The balanced equation is: C₆H₆ + CH₃Cl → C₆H₅CH₃ + HCl.
What type of reaction is Alquilación de Friedel-Crafts de benceno?
Alquilación de Friedel-Crafts de benceno is a orgánica reaction.
Is Alquilación de Friedel-Crafts de benceno exothermic or endothermic?
Alquilación de Friedel-Crafts de benceno is exothermic (releases energy). The enthalpy change (ΔH) is -78.0 kJ/mol.
What conditions are needed for Alquilación de Friedel-Crafts de benceno?
This reaction requires a catalyst (AlCl₃).