Friedel-Crafts Alkylation of Benzene

C₆H₆ + CH₃Cl → C₆H₅CH₃ + HCl

Descripción general

Benzene reacts with chloromethane in the presence of aluminum chloride catalyst to form toluene and HCl. AlCl₃ generates the electrophilic CH₃⁺ (or a complex equivalent) that attacks the electron-rich benzene ring. This electrophilic aromatic substitution is fundamental to synthetic organic chemistry.

Participantes

Rol	Sustancia	Coeficiente	Estado
Reactivo	Benzene C₆H₆	1	(l)
Producto	Hydrochloric Acid HCl	1	(g)

Ejemplo cotidiano

Toluene is a common solvent found in paint thinners, adhesives, and is the precursor to TNT (trinitrotoluene).

Importancia industrial

Las reacciones de Friedel-Crafts se usan para producir etilbenceno (para estireno y poliestireno), cumeno (para fenol y acetona) y detergentes alquilbencénicos.

Propiedades

Tipo: Organic
Reversible: No
Energía: Exotérmico
ΔH: -78,0 kJ/mol
Catalizador: AlCl₃

Reacciones relacionadas

Epoxidation of Alkenes (mCPBA) Swern Oxidation Oxidation of Secondary Alcohol to Ketone E2 Elimination (Dehydrohalogenation) Claisen Condensation (Ethyl Acetate) Aldol Condensation of Acetaldehyde Kolbe Electrolysis Baeyer-Villiger Oxidation Beckmann Rearrangement (Cyclohexanone Oxime) Dehydration of Ethanol

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the equation for Friedel-Crafts Alkylation of Benzene?

The balanced equation is: C₆H₆ + CH₃Cl → C₆H₅CH₃ + HCl.

What type of reaction is Friedel-Crafts Alkylation of Benzene?

Friedel-Crafts Alkylation of Benzene is a organic reaction.

Is Friedel-Crafts Alkylation of Benzene exothermic or endothermic?

Friedel-Crafts Alkylation of Benzene is exothermic (releases energy). The enthalpy change (ΔH) is -78.0 kJ/mol.

What conditions are needed for Friedel-Crafts Alkylation of Benzene?

This reaction requires a catalyst (AlCl₃).